Innovative design approaches in shaping the new generation office environment

Project idea

The Volgograd Region is located in the southeast of the East European Plain and is part of the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation. The administrative center is the city of Volgograd. The Volgograd Region borders on the Saratov Region in the northwest, the Rostov Region in the southwest, the Republic of Kalmykia and the Astrakhan Region in the south, the Voronezh Region in the north, and the West Kazakhstan Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the east.
Volgograd is the fifteenth most populated and the first longest city in the Russian Federation. Also in Volgograd is the longest street in Russia - 2nd Longitudinal Highway Street. Its total length is over 60 kilometers. For convenience, the highway is divided into sixteen streets and avenues. The total length of the city is 94 kilometers long, and the width is only 8 kilometers.
One of the urgent problems of the city of Volgograd is its extended structure, reflected in the name of the main street of the city. It takes 3.5 hours to get from one end of the city to the other. If you make this journey at rush hour, in the morning, when all city residents go to work, or in the evening, when everyone returns home after a working day, the journey will be about 4.5 hours. The main flow of cars passes along the main street - the 2nd Longitudinal Highway, as it crosses the entire city. And, accordingly, most city dwellers spend a lot of time on the way from home to work.
Similar problems are relevant and exist in other large and extended cities of Russia and the world.
The solution to this problem is seen in the creation of new generation offices located in the structure of public and residential complexes. These types of public spaces can be created both on the basis of the reconstruction of abandoned industrial buildings and structures, and by designing new residential areas built for a specific type of activity.
In the city of Volgograd, there are a number of abandoned industrial buildings: the Administrative building of the VGTZ and shelter No. 1, the Automobile workshop of the State Unitary Enterprise VOPATP No. 4, the Volgograd alcohol plant "Bioden", the Volgograd aluminum plant, the Volgograd motor plant, the Concrete goods plant No. 302, the workshops of the Volgograd tractor plant, abandoned workshops of the Volgogradelectronmash plant, the northern part of the Khimprom plant, the Volgograd cannery, the Volgograd plant of tractor parts and normals, the Volgograd tool plant, the Volgograd winery Samtrest.
In Volgograd, all industrial areas are located within the city, most of them have access to the Volga River. Thus, two problems of the city need to be solved: a long commute to work and a large number of abandoned spaces with options for the best way to use the territory.
On the basis of the above structures, it is possible to organize residential complexes of a combined type (housing + work). On the territory of the listed abandoned factories, there are many buildings with the possibility of renovation for certain tasks and scenarios of stay.

Project description

When forming the design concept, the main requirements of potential consumers that were interviewed earlier were considered. The main components, according to people, should be such parameters as: the presence of a recreation area, meeting rooms, the transformation of space, the presence of natural materials, a food area and open workspaces. “Creating a place that will help people manage their time wisely” (Brandbook, p. 88) is the main request that citizens want to see.
The objective of the project is to unite the two parts of human life, work and housing. Since work, in most cases, is an active way of life, with constant tasks, assignments, meetings, it belongs to the dynamic part of our daily activity, and the building is static, since in the home a person rests from work and the city.
Based on these associations, the design concept will be based on the opposition of statics and dynamics. The slogan of the project is: "The dynamics of the office - the statics of housing." Based on the slogan, the project must reflect the dynamic transmission of the movement of office life and the static peace of life at home.
Zones in the building will be divided into two large subtypes: residential zone and office zone. The residential area will combine the following functions: rooms and apartments for guests, catering, recreation areas: a cinema, a space for sports, a recreation area, a children's area.
The office zone includes: premises for office work, lecture rooms, a food zone, recreation zones: a cinema, an amphitheater, a recreation zone, a "green" zone.
Housing will be divided into two types: temporary and permanent, and permanent, in turn, is divided into rooms and apartments.
The creation of a new office of a new generation will help solve such issues as: shortening the way to work, reducing traffic jams in the center of the city of Volgograd, frequent movement around the city, which interfered with the citizens.
The concept of "Statics - Dynamics" will be reflected in the color scheme. Colors will be used both monochrome and polychrome. The color layout of the polychrome colors will be based on two main ones: deep sea blue and orange. The color scheme of the interiors of the offices will be made in polychrome, as this area is dynamic, while the residential area will use monochrome colors.
It is also necessary to consider the color solutions of the De Stijl direction. De Stijl is an avant-garde association of Dutch architects and artists. Formed in 1917 in Leiden on the basis of the magazine of the same name, it disintegrated in 1931. The direction put forward the theory of neoplasticism - the idea of ​​abandoning the visual, social and cognitive tasks of art and turning to a “pure”, maximally generalized form. In painting, this theory led to a geometric variety of abstract art, in architecture - to the dominance of strict mathematical metrics, the ascetic clarity of volume-spatial composition.
The composition of the layout is built on the principle of a modular grid. Such a system was chosen by Piet Mondrian to completely eliminate the problem of the relationship between the background and the figure. Absolutely two-dimensional painting looks like a homogeneous field, devoid of any hierarchy. In this space, harmony is built on variations of various rectangular shapes. A rigid orthogonal structure of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines forms many rectangles of different sizes and colors, painted with primary colors - red, blue and yellow - and polychrome colors: white, gray and black. Despite the differences in the shapes and colors of the modules, as well as the complete lack of symmetry, the composition is full of balance.
With the help of this rigor, the representatives of neoplasticism intended to go beyond individuality in order to achieve universalism.
Also, the concept will be traced in the equipment of the building, for example, structures will be divided into stationary and mobile. Advantages of stationary structures: they are an alternative to walls, a high level of sound insulation, it is possible to create optimal layouts and quick installation of structures. Advantages of mobile structures: ease of installation, compliance with the specifics of open space, rational use of space and low cost.
Walter Gropius said: “The basis of the reference building is a cubic module, divided from the inside into cells, each of which should be occupied by a separate apartment” [36], to create a new generation office, it will also be necessary to split the internal space into cells. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe suggested zoning the premises in a new way, leaving only the main walls and delimiting the freed space with the help of light glass partitions.
In order for the layout of the building to be convenient for visitors, the rooms should have simple rectangular shapes, such as a square and a rectangle. These figures correspond to the neoplasticism style, the founder of which was Peter Cornelis Mondrian.
The design principles of Dieter Rams and the work of Piet Mondrian were put at the basis of the concept of developing planning solutions, zoning of internal spaces, and equipment shaping.
Dieter Rams said: “The possibilities for innovation are not exhausted. The rapid development of technology provides new opportunities for innovative design. It always develops in tandem with technology and cannot be an end in itself” [35], from which we can conclude that at this point in time design cannot exist without innovative technologies, as they play an important role in today’s environment and our existence. .
Also, Dieter Rams talked about the clarity of the product for users: “Design explains the structure of the product. In turn, the product should be simple and intuitive to use” [31]. Taking the idea of ​​a German industrial designer as a basis, we can transfer it to interior design, planning solutions, and equipment. It is possible to make the structure of the entire project complex understandable for visitors, without unnecessary forms and irregular angles and shapes. The design and layout of the new generation office should be as simple as possible for the convenience of people.
Design principles of Dieter Rams, which are proposed for use in the design proposal of the new generation office [31]:
• Good design is innovative;
• Good design - easy to use;
• Good design is aesthetic;
• Good design makes the product understandable to the consumer;
• Good design - thought out to every detail;
• Good design is relevant;
• Good design is environmentally friendly;
• Good design is as little design as possible;
• Good design - not intrusive.
For the project, the main principles were identified: innovation, convenience, aesthetics, relevance and ecology. Thus, in the design of a new generation office, there should be innovative technologies, convenience for visitors, well-designed interior details, as well as construction and finishing materials, in priority, should be environmentally friendly and relevant for modern design.
If we talk about the simplicity of lines in planning, then the work of Piet Mondrian can be taken as the basis for the concept of shaping. The paradoxical simplicity of Mondrian's lines and images became the main idea of ​​the Dutch De Stijl movement. The philosophy of this association consisted of combining art and reality. Thus, a new universal language of creativity was born, understandable to everyone.
Piet Mondrian's composition is based on square, rectangle and line, respectively, in the layout of offices and living quarters, figures with a right angle will be used.
The considered fragment of Mondrian's work is made according to the golden ratio grid (Brandbook, pp. 189, 190). The selected fragment of the work is superimposed on the existing layout of the structure. A column 600x600mm in size was taken as a module, thanks to right angles and the golden section, the load-bearing walls of the layout and the lines of the fragment of the work were connected into a common layout grid.
In order to maintain the concept of "Office dynamics - housing statics", the layout of the building, namely the residential area, uses right angles, which were created thanks to the partitions in the rooms. Also, in residential premises, equipment of simple rectangular shapes is used, this allows not only to fit into the concept of the project, but also to correctly fit the furniture into the developed layout.

Technical information

The selected public building belongs to the frame-brick type of the building. The floor beams are metal, the walls are made of red brick. The building has three buildings. The first and second buildings have a height of 6000 mm, they are a two-story building, with a floor height of 3000 mm. The third building of the building in axes 3-5, A-P has a height of 7 floors, each of which is 3000 mm in height. Designed interiors consist of the following functional blocks:
Education block:
• Amphitheater
• Cabinets for master classes
• Lectures
Spectacle block:
• Amphitheater
• Temporary exhibition
• Permanent exhibition
• Outdoor cinema
Leisure and food block:
• Cafeteria on the 1st floor
• Bar on the 1st floor
• Bar on the 2nd floor
• Recreation area on the 1st floor
• Amphitheater
• Winter garden on the 1st floor
• Swimming pool
• Yoga area on the 3rd floor
Production block:
• Tambour
• Tech. premises
• Cafeteria Warehouse
Working block:
• Offices
• Offices for coworking
Residential block:
• Room with sanitary facilities
• Room without a sanitary facility.

Designed interiors:
• Permanent exhibition - 2nd floor
• Office floor hall - 5th floor.

Documentation

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