Floating Modules - A need of tomorrow (Shivaji Memorial Park)

University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering

Project idea

Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. The sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Using ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)method we can gain energy. Current trends in architecture have prevented sustainability from becoming a mainstream design solution and the general population is acutely unaware of the importance of sustainable design. Presently global warming, urban sprawl, and the overuse of natural resources are major concerns for the natural environment. This thesis investigation looks to the future when renewable energy sources may be the only source of power. Cruise ships size of skyscraper, casino, water activities, hotels and anything we do on land is done in cruise ship. We can begin with a concept floating architecture. Nearly ½ the world surface is blank slat unclaimed by government, we can create 1000 start up government.
Why ocean?
1. Water is different from land. Everyone is born in a fixed geographic condition, some of previous century claims us ‘what if we think it cost too much and provide little’. To over come this limitation, ocean is the medium.
2. You can’t switch to competing provider with out leaving your land. Its land lock.
3. If it float its movable.
Imagine if the city is like puzzle and you could shift, assemble and reassemble. In 20th century Norman Ernest Borlaug green revolution saved the lives and in 21st century blue revolution will.

Objectives :
1. To extract the largest renewable source of energy from ocean that is through ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) method
2. To overcome the overuse of natural resources and overcrowding of the cities.
3. Floating modules can be interconnected for flexibility and further development
4. To initiate this mode of architecture for the betterment of our future and give a new dimension to world of architecture.

BLUE REVOLUTION : It refers to set of research and development of technology transverse through water and its physics. It is to create a living environment on the water where most of the energy gained is renewable.

Project description

SCOPE OF FLOATING CITIES IN THE FUTURE
Elaboration on issue:

a) Characteristics, Aspects of issues:
• Floating the city would be the most efficient way to neutralize the threat of storms and pollution.
• The slight shift in the stability in the smaller boat can be announced to tip it over but the massive size of a long line cargo ship makes them super stable.Ex: If something that 10 meters wide and 10 meters long 0.1 meters deep then points is ranged over a huge area so we can have all kind of people running around after and it not going to make much difference in globe terms to where the weight is center of gravity because it's better big area.
• If we have long wide structure we can move the center of a gravity around a lot without compromising the stability of the structure.
• The cities platform could be built from grand block size modules then assembled in a single massive structure.
• Grand blocks don't have standard shape and size in the fact each block is uniquely shaped Masterpiece putting them all together into one.
• These floating modules has the potential to attach and detach from the primary assembly
• These modules give support to achieve the flexibility of the structure without compromising the stability.
• Everything in this type of construction decided earlier which include load, design, orientation, etc.

b) Historical aspect of the phenomenon:
The start of life of Human on Ocean.
The life of human on water first started with invention of water vessel which made him safe and comfortable to sail and find his needs.
The first known vessels date back about 10,000 years ago, but could not be described as ships. The first navigators began to use animal skins or woven fabrics as sails.
Affixed to the top of a pole set upright in a boat, these sails gave early ships range. This allowed men to explore widely, allowing for the settlement of Oceania for example (about 3,000 years ago).
By around 3000 BC, Ancient Egyptians knew how to assemble wooden planks into a hull. They used woven straps to lash the planks together, and reeds or grass stuffed between the planks helped to seal the seams. The Greek historian and geographer Agatharchides had documented ship-faring among the early Egyptians: "During the prosperous period of the Old Kingdom, between the 30th and 25th centuries B. C., the river-routes were kept in order, and Egyptian ships sailed the Red Sea as far as the myrrh-country." Sneferu's ancient cedar wood ship Praise of the Two Lands is the first reference recorded (2613 BC) to a ship being referred to by name.
The ancient Egyptians were perfectly at ease building sailboats. A remarkable example of their shipbuilding skills was the Khufu ship, a vessel 143 feet (44 m) in length entombed at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza around 2500 BC and found intact in 1954.
It is known that ancient Nubia/Axum traded with India, and there is evidence that ships from Northeast Africa may have sailed back and forth between India/Sri Lanka and Nubia trading goods and even to Persia, Himyar and Rome. Aksum was known by the Greeks for having seaports for ships from Greece and Yemen.

Arcitecture dealing with the issue:

a) chronological documentation of architecture dealing in the phenomenon:
BOATHOUSE:
A boathouse (or a boat house) is a building especially designed for the storage of boats, normally smaller craft for sports or leisure use. These are typically located on open water, such as on a river. Often the boats stored are rowing boats. Other boats such as punts or small motor boats may also be stored.
Sometimes, a boathouse may be the headquarters of a boat club or rowing club. It may also include a restaurant, bar, and other leisure facilities, perhaps for members of an associated club. Boathouses are also sometimes modified to include living quarters for people, or the whole structure may be used as temporary or permanent housing.
PALM ISLANDS:
Palm Jumeirah (left) and Palm Deira (right) with The World and The Universe archipelagos, design view
Palm Islands are three artificial islands, Palm Jumeirah, Deira Island and Palm Jebel Ali, on the coast of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. As of November 2014, only Palm Jumeirah has been completed. This island takes the form of a palm tree, topped by a crescent. After completion, Palm Jebel Ali will take a similar shape; each island will be host to a large number of residential, leisure and entertainment centers and will add a total of 520 kilometers of non-public beaches to the city of Dubai.
The creation of the Palm Islands began in June 2001. Shortly after, the Palm Islands was announced and reclamation work began. This island was meant to be a bigger island, but it was later downsized. An island was planned and construction started, but this project was later remodelled and renamed to

b)Contemporary Architecture Dealing with phenomenon:

PALM JUMEIRAH:
The Palm Jumeirah ( Coordinates: 25°06′28″N 55°08′15″E ) consists of a tree trunk, a crown with 16 fronds, and a surrounding crescent island that forms an 11 kilometer-long breakwater. The island itself is five kilometers by five kilometers. It adds 78 kilometers to the Dubai coastline.
Residents began moving into Palm Jumeirah properties at the end of 2006, five years after land reclamation began.The Palm Island address is considered a status symbol in Dubai.
A Monorail opened in 2009, but is not connected to other public transport.
“These two are the examples for life and fantasy of human on water. This show the development and advantages human is getting from the water.”

FLOATING HOUSE

NETHERLANDS:
Houseboat in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
In Europe, some of the finest and costliest examples of houseboats can be seen along the canals of Amsterdam, which even has houseboat hotels. Houseboats are very expensive in Amsterdam because of the limited number of moorings; this expense has reduced the likelihood that the approximately 2,400 families that live on the inner waters of Amsterdam will find themselves confronted by new neighbor boats. The Bloemenmarkt is a houseboat borne flower market along the Singel in Amsterdam. The town of Maasbommel is pioneering floating houses, with flexible connections for fluids and electricity; these are not primarily intended for travel, but rather to be safe against flooding

INDIA:
In India, houseboats as accommodation for tourists are common on the backwaters of Kerala,
Houseboats in Kerala, south India, are huge, slow-moving barges used for leisure trips. They are a reworked model of Kettuvallams (in the Malayalam language, Kettu means "tied with ropes", and vallam means "boat"), which, in earlier times, were used to carry rice and spices from Kuttanad to the Kochi port. Kerala houseboats were considered a convenient means of transportation.
The popularity of Kettuvallams has returned in the function as major tourist attractions.
Such a houseboat is about 60 to 70 feet (18 to 21 m) long and about 15 feet (4.6 m) wide at the middle. The hull is made of wooden planks that are held together by ropes of coconut fiber; the usual wood is 'Anjali'. The roof is made of bamboo poles and palm leaves. The exterior of the boat is painted with protective coats of cashew nut oil.

SITE ANALYSIS:
Location
Co-ordinates : 18°55'52.4"N 72°48'35.8"E
Place : Back Bay
Near by : Marine Drive
Landmark : Wankede Stadium and NCPA
Node : Nariman point
Nearest railway station : Mumbai central railway station
Railway station : 3KM away
Air port : 25.5KM away

WHY MUMBAI ?
a) Historical Aspects:
Bombay, now known as Mumbai, is home to around 10 million people. It is a thriving cosmopolitan, multi-cultural city, and is the centre of India's entertainment industry.
Mumbai has been growing for five hundred years, even though it was built on what initially looked like very weak foundations.
At first there were just seven islands separated by swamps: the land was dangerous and unhealthy. A thousand years ago the islands were part of the Magadhan empire. Later they belonged to the Silhara family and in 1343 they became part of the lands of the Sultan of Gujarat.
In 1534, the Portuguese captured the islands and established a trading centre (or 'factory') there. The Portuguese called the place Bom Bahia, meaning 'the good bay', which the English pronounced Bombay.
This trading place slowly grew, with local people trading products such as silk, muslin, chintz, onyx, rice, cotton and tobacco. By 1626, there was a great warehouse, a friary, a fort and a ship building yard. There were also new houses for the general population, and mansions for the wealthy.
In the early 1800s, much engineering work was carried out in Bombay. The city's swamps were completely filled in, and by 1845 the seven small islands that had previously made up Bombay had been turned into one large island.
In 1853, the first Indian railway opened, which stretched from Bombay to Thana. The employment created by the new railway attracted more people to settle in Bombay. To keep control, the Company created a number of government buildings. These were in a style very similar to city halls built in England at the time.
The city has continued to grow. In 1864, there were 816,562 living there. By 1991, the population of the whole of Bombay (which had spread beyond the islands) was 9,900,000.
The city changed its name in 1995 to Mumbai, after Mumbadevi, the stone goddess of the deep-sea fishermen who originally lived on the islands before they were driven out by the East India Company.

b) Setting the scene:
• Mumbai is a mega city on the west coast of India
• It’s is the capital of India and is the biggest city with 12,350,000 people
• In 1947 Mumbai’s population was 4 million
• An increase of more than 8 million people have occurred due to internal migration - more than half of that increase occurring between 1960-1970
• The population density is estimated to be about 22,000 persons per square kilometre
• It’s India’s finance centre (due to the ports), a major port and industrial area and a centre of culture due to “Bollywood”
• Mumbai was originally a series of fishing villages that became a port and this is what helped encourage it’s early development
• Until the 1980’s, the economy was based mainly on textile manufacturing and shipping with there still being a major port there today.
• There’s been an increase in IT and financial services recently
• Mumbai is a major centre for out-sourced work – companies there work for foreign companies.
• Mumbai is a major media centre for India and is one of the largest in the world.

c) Problems:
• Problems with health occur due to pollution from within the shanty towns and heavy industry causes air pollution that also contributes to poor health
• Poor transport links as they are so busy and cramped with commuters as there are so many living within the city
• Pollution increases due to those living in the shanty towns

d) Solutions:
• In 1970 a plan was introduced to move the port, markets and industrial functions out of the old city to Navi Bombay on the east. The idea was to also move workers too. The plan was partially successful but the problem in Dharavi had to be sorted.
• There are fears amongst the people that the government won’t actually build alternative accommodation but instead will be replaced with higher value developments for businesses and companies to allow the city to continue to expand
• Future extension for such situation would be expansion of life on ocean. Which is possibly the next phase of development.


***MAJOR CRITERIA***
"THIS PROJECT IS AN INITIATIVE FOR THE FUTURE FLOATING CITIES WHICH IS BRIDGE PROJECT FOR INNOVATION AND TO CAPTURE THE INTEREST OF THE PEOPLE.
SHIVAJI MEMORIAL PARK AT MARINE DRIVE, MUMBAI IS THE INITIATIVE FOR FUTURE FLOATING CITIES AS IT IS A LIVE PROJECT (UNDER APPROVAL)."


Intention:
Shivaji Memorial is a live project, it is in the initial level of proposal and have some issues with the environmental clearance due to the reclamation of land through filling it.
As this thesis is all about promoting the blue revolution, which is the floating cities through the module will be an initiative project and a solution for environmental clearance as it is also not affecting any aquatic species and ecology of that part.

Why Shivaji Memorial?
As Shivaji was a most powerful and admirable personality in the history of marathas reality was given to build his statue in Mumbai as it will become a tourism place for India and the world.
His Memorial will be the best project to take into consideration as it is a live project which will be the best project to initiate the floating cities.
People can feel there life on water and this may lead to the further development in the world of floating architecture.
In order to enhance this thought this project has to be more than a memorial but a social park or space where people should have a vision of their futuristic world where they want to live.
In order to achieve all these things there has to be a major thing that is the memorial and statue but the other things that people also enjoy is some sort of cultural Garden, Rock Garden, Botanical Garden and which will also specially serves the people with an entertainment, recreational spaces, social spaces and some interactive spaces all these are specially having a great view of an ocean all around where people can feel their presence in this large planet.

SHIVAJI MEMORIAL
REPORT OF TIME OF INDIA ON SHIVAJI MEMORIAL, MUMBAI
Shivaji memorial will now soar to 210m, in bid to dwarf Chinese statue
Bhavika Jain| TNN | Updated: Mar 25, 2017, 02.38 PM IST
HIGHLIGHTS
Shivaji memorial will now compete with a Buddha statue in China for the world’s tallest statue tag.
The state government will send a revised proposal to the Centre for environmental clearances.
The memorial will have a temple, museum, hospital, entrance modeled on the Raigad fort and a theatre.
Proposed site for the Shivaji memorial is located 1.5km from the coast, inside the Arabian Sea.
MUMBAI: The height of the Shivaji memorial will be increased from the proposed 192m to 210m, to compete with a Buddha statue in China for the world's tallest statue tag.
The state government will send a revised proposal to the Centre for environmental clearances for the extra height after its claims of building the tallest memorial in the world was dashed by the Spring Temple Buddha in Lushan County, China. The statue in China, built on a hill, was completed in 2008. Its original height was 153m, but later the hill on which the statue stood was reshaped to form three pedestals, taking the total height to 208m.
"We want the tallest memorial for Shivaji Maharaj. Once the bidder is finalized, we will send a revised proposal with a height of 210m to the Centre, for environmental clearances," said Vinayak Mete, chairman of the Shivaji memorial committee formed by the state government. "Shivaji Maharaj is an inspiration to us and future generations too. We will do everything possible to make a grand memorial for him," said Mete.
This is one of the few projects in the state with major political implications. The state government budgeted Rs 3,600 crore for the entire project of which Rs 2,500 crore has been estimated for the first phase, for which tenders have been invited. The memorial will have a temple, museum, hospital, entrance modeled on the Raigad fort and a theatre showcasing highlights of Shivaji's life. Another major feature is a lift which will take visitors right up to 180m or 60 floors inside the memorial, giving them a view from that height.
"In monuments like the Burj Khalifa or the Statue of Liberty you can get a view from a height, the Shivaji memorial too will allow for that kind of an experience," said an official from the public works department, which is in charge of executing the project.

Technical information

The largest of ship is quarter mile of capacity 156000 square meter.
It seems amazing that super tank everything or floating but surprisingly the key is the cargo ships massive oak. to carry so much weight the ship must distribute it over as large in area as possible in contrast smaller boards don't carry heavy loads so they required less surface area than their upper side to it but they pay the price for the smallest size in an another area lack of stability.

The slight shift in the stability in the smaller boat can be announced to tip it over but the massive size of a long line cargo ship makes them super stable. Ex: If something that is 10 meters wide and 10 meters long 0.1 meters deep then points is ranged over a huge area so we can have all kind of people running around after and it not going to make much difference in globe terms to where the weight is center of gravity because it's better big area.
That's the key to the floating world weather the regular traffic residence and constantly new construction growing cities would dramatically shift their weights and loads upside.

Module concept is majorly to add up the flexibility to the structure and to avoid the structural failure due center of gravity.
Hexagonal Module is designed, because it is the strongest bond and easy to replicate.
Each Module is hollow concrete structure which are connected to a intermediate module forming a sector.

**** "ALL DETAILED TECHNICAL DETAILS AND DRAWING ARE MENTIONED IN THE ATTACHMENTS" *****