Inclusive Social Housing in Calderón, Quito

Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseno y Artes

Project idea

The idea of the project arises in rethinking social housing, understanding it as a place that fosters the meeting, allows personal and collective growth. A mixture of uses is proposed within the territory related to the environmental axis, as a connector of the project with its environment.
The management of the different scales in the project will allow a harmonious relationship from the public to the private, allowing a lot of permeability in the territory.
Housing typologies arise from the idea of allowing a lot of flexibility inside and outside, allowing them to adapt to the changing ways of living in today's society.

Project description

Over time, different social housing options have been created that conform to models in which the context, user and function are ignored. Ecuador presents structural deficits due to the lack of correlation between supply and demand. Policies are limited and inefficient to respond to the growth of cities. Approximately 70% of homes are produced by the informal sector through self-construction, since low-income sectors have been forced to choose alternatives to meet their need for accommodation, without taking into account the application of regulations , causing habitat degradation.

Today's society is characterized by being heterogeneous, therefore, flexible housing models should be proposed that enrich social relations, personal and collective well-being, through mechanisms to de-hierarchize the home and coexistence of uses. Proximity to facilities, public transport, work and recreation that enhance socialization are necessary to live with dignity.

The project located in the La Tola neighborhood, Calderón, Ecuador arises as a response to the needs of the population, which currently has a deficit of public space and facilities. Also low-density housing models that cause social segregation and fragment neighborhood life. The importance of the project is based on the need for social housing models that can affect local resources, provide sources of employment for the inhabitants, and energize the existing environment. Understanding housing as a space that fosters the encounter and community life taking into account cultural, economic, environmental and social aspects. Applying densification strategies, freeing up public space and equipping equipment that can be improved in the living conditions of the least favored strata.

The project through its design responds to the social, cultural and natural context in which it is located, it has been designed taking into account structural, sustainable and landscape criteria in a way that is coherent, comprehensive and allows the production of a collective habitat through the provision of quality services, equipment and housing.

Technical information

In the project, it was decided to use a metal structure due to its fast assembly, durability and high resistance. This structure reduces the execution time of a work by up to 40% compared to a work carried out with a concrete structure because the metal structure is manufactured in the workshop and later sent to the work to assemble the parts on site. Another key factor is reuse. Once the building reaches its useful life, the structure can be dismantled to recycle and recover part of the initial investment. The metal structure weighs between 6 and 10 times less than the concrete structure, which means a decrease in the costs of the foundation of the blocks. The structure of the housing block is made up of foundation beams joined by means of 30 x 30 cm concrete chains, 40x40 cm metal columns filled with concrete, type I beams and type I joists that have been calculated for subsequent construction.

Documentation

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